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student: How many types of blood are there in the numan being?
Teacher: The four major blood types of clinical importance in this genetic system are A, B, AB and O.
S: Are there any blood for the patient in the hospital?
T:Every hospital has a lot of blood for the transfusion.
S: Where is it preserved?
T: The blood is preserved in the blood bank of the hospital.
S: Where is the blood from?
T: It is given by the donor.
S: What is the requirement to the donor?
T: A person 18 to 65 years old with a negative medical history, capable of passing the required physical examination.
S: Why is the donor given physical examination?
T: Before giving blood, the donor is given tests to determine his blood group and make sure he is not suffering from certain disease . When this has been done his blood can be taken.
S: A person with what disease can not be taken the blood?
T: Malaria, anemia, infectious hepatitis, tuberculosis and so on.
S: What is the preparation before blood transfusion?
T: First, we get blood group of patient. And then the patient's and donor's blood make crossmatching. If it is negative it can be used.
S: What are the equipments for transfusion?
T: The equipments for transfusion are:
①Tubing with attached two chambers; an upper filter chamber and a lower drip-rate chamber.
②Needle 18 to 20 gauge.
③Antiseptic pledget.
④tourniquet.
⑤adhesive plaster.
S: What attention should we pay to blood transfusion for the patient?
T: ①All the instruments that come into contact with the patient must be sterilised.
②Check up blood group earnestly.
③Transfuse a little normal saline before blood transfusion.
④During the blood transfusion, we should pay attention to reaction of patient.
S: How many drips a minute in the blood transfusion.
T: The usual rate of infusion is from 40 to 60 dropsper minute.
S: Why do the arms and legs twitch during the blood transfusion?
T: Some citrate have been transfused into the body during the blood transfusion. The sodium citrate combines with free calcim into the body. So blood calcim descend and the twitch of arms and legs appear.
S: What are the reactions in the blood transfusion?
T: Allergic reactions, circulatory overload, airembolism, infectious diseases, such as malaria and infective hepatitis.
S: What reaction is severe during the blood transfusion?
T: Hemoly sis reaction.
S: What medicine may be used to prevent the reaction of blood transfusion?
T: Benadzy1, Promethazine and Dexamethasoul. |
